Pain relief or anesthesia is a condition caused by pharmacological treatments and characterized by loss of consciousness, the suppression of reflex functions and responses to external irritations, which allows make a surgery without dangerous consequences for the organism and with complete amnesia period of operation. The term “general anesthesia” is more complete than the term “anesthesia”, it reflects the essence of the state that must be achieved for the safe performance of surgery.

In this case the main here is eliminate the response to pain irritation,depression of consciousness is less important. In the initial stages of developing general anesthesia during surgical operations used a narcotic medicine. This required the creation of a body of high concentration of the drug for his help with all the necessary components of general anesthesia: sleep, pain, areflexia, muscle relaxation. As a result, often developed complications and deaths have been observed associated with an overdose of a narcotic substance or toxic effects.

Progress in the development of methods of general pain relief began with the creation and implementation of methods based on the combined use of two or more drugs to reduce the dose, and hence the toxicity each of them, it is named as combined anesthesia. It includes such treatments as analgesics, psychotropic drugs, muscle relaxants. The principal advantages of the combined pain relief is a minimum toxicity, providing all the necessary components of anesthesia by means of selective properties without the deep dysfunction of nervous system, which typical for monoanesthesia.

Distinguish inhalation and non-inhalation ways of pain relief. Inhalation ways include the introduction of inhaled gases and vapors of volatile drugs through the respiratory tract. Non-inhalation ways – the introduction of intravenously, intramuscularly, rectally of various drugs, as well as physical methods of influence on nervous system or its peripheral parts. Possible combinations of two or more of inhaled drugs, non-inhalation and inhalation treatments, analgesics and psychotropic drugs with inhaled anesthetics.

Indications of pain relief are determined by the peculiarities of the patient and the nature of the surgery. Extensive intracavitary operations are performed in conditions of combined endotracheal anesthesia with mechanical ventilation. Extracavitary operations of small and medium size can be achieved by spontaneous breathing of the patient on a background of various kinds monoanesthesia.

Posted in Pain Relief

Arthritis of joints is also considered to be a disease that refers to immune diseases. Arthritis is a disease of the joints, while which appears inflammation of one or more joints. Arthritis of joints may have three origins: infectious, traumatic and dystrophic.Arthritis of joints caused by the infectious origin of various infections. Traumatic arthritis of joints often occurs at constant injuries, damage of the joints, with overcooling and frequent physical stress.

Symptoms of arthritis are very simple: ill person feels pain in joints and limitation in movements, the joints are swollen, the skin around the joints red and becomes hot.One of the main causes of arthritis of the joints may be a metabolic disorde. As a result, the joints do not get them the necessary vitamins, they suffer from lack of necessary food. Arthritis can be connected with the process of aging also.

There are several types of arthritis, among them is suppurative arthritis of the joints.While this form of arthritis, such joints are the damaged as knees, elbows, hip, shoulders, ankle joints. Common symptoms of purulent arthritis are chills, fever, weak, sweating, various signs of intoxication. Local purulent arthritis symptoms: persistent pain in the joints and sharp pain in it while trying to move it, swollen joints, impaired movement of the limbs.

Psoriasis arthritis of joints is another type.It occurs in 5-7% of patients with psoriasis. In this case arthritis joints are attacked joints of hands and feet.Symptoms of psoriasis arthritis: swelling of fingers, severe joint pain, cyanosis of skin color in the place of attack in the final stages there is a shortening and subluxation of the phalanges.

Uratosis arthritis of joints, is the type while the joints are generally preceded by the following factors: physical stress, cooling, nervous shock, eating foods rich in purines, increased alcohol intake. Uratosis arthritis joints: redness of joints, increased swelling, severe joint pain, fever, in lesions.Arthritis while ulcerative colitis.This type of arthritis of the joints, occurs against a background of acute colitis, usually attacked large joints:such as hips and shoulders. Among the arthritis symptoms are: slight increase of temperature, the color of the crust does not change.Now while the first symptoms of arthritis it is recommended to turn to the specialists and their high-qualified consultation.

Posted in Help With Arthritis

The treatment purpose of epilepsy attacks it is stop of them while minimum side effects and conducting the patient so that his life was as much as possible high-grade and productive. Before appointment anti-epeleptic preparations the doctor should carry detailed investigation of the patient with the analysis of electrocardiogram, function of kidneys and liver, blood, urine. The patient and his family should receive the instruction about reception of preparation and they must be informed both of achievable results of treatment and about possible side effects.

Modern tactics of treatment of patients who ill of epilepsy includes the following, first of all it is
revealing of those reasons which can be treated, exception of the factors provoking attacks,correct diagnosis of epilepsy attacks and an epilepsy,appointment of right medical therapy,attention to education, employment, rest of patients, social problems.Treatment of epilepsy must also include conformity of preparations to type of attacks and epilepsy, if possible usage of monotherapy, appointment of a small doses of anti epileptic medicines.Dose increase in the absence of side effects and preservation of attacks as a whole.

In some cases people whoill of epilepsy need an operation, which can be defined by character of the disease which have caused epilepsy attacks.Necessity of operation is defined not by presence of the patient of epileptic syndrome, and danger to its health and life of the disease which have led to occurrence of attacks. It concerns first of all to a tumor of brain, abscesses and some other volume formations of brain.In connection with complexity and responsibility decision-making on expediency of surgical intervention, inspection of patients and carrying out of the operation should be made in the specialized centers.

While any signs of epilepsy that you have it is recommended to avoid alcohol intake, smoking, strong coffee and tea, an overeating, overcooling and overheating, stay at the large height, and also avoid other negative effects of environment. The dairy-vegetative diet, long stay on air, easy physical exercises, observance of a mode of work and rest are shown.

Work capacity often depends on frequency and time of epilepsy attacks and epilepsy signs. While having rare attacks, arising at night, work capacity remains, but business trips and work are forbidden at night. Attacks with loss of consciousness limit the day work capacity. Work at height, with fire, in hot shops, on water, with moving mechanisms, on all types of transport, in contact to industrial poisons, with a fast rhythm, psychological pressure and frequent switching of attention are forbidden.

Posted in Chronic Neurology

Experts consider that diseases of joints – one most ancient problems of mankind. From it suffered not only ancient Egyptian Pharaohs, but also primitive Neanderthal men which had been testified by archaeologists. All injuries of joints or of inflammatory character doctors name a word “arthritis”.

There are many different kinds of arthritis and today there is not less ten kinds. The knee after falling or injure aches and it is an arthritis injury. There is a communication of an arthritis with an allergy – an allergic arthritis, children have ill joints- an arthritis junior. Joints after harmless, at first sight, colndness- are considered to get an arthritis infectious.Often arthritis happens in connection with age and changing of joints. And still there is a special kind of an arthritis – rheumatoid. It is considered independent illness and differs from current form of disease.

All arthritises can be divided into two types: monoarthritises when one joint has suffered only, and polyarthritises when it is a lot of such joints. Besides, diseases of joints cab be sharp and chronic. Sharp forms lasts for some weeks and even days. Chronic form is not expressed sharply and it can last for years, reminding of itself only from time to time.

There are different reasons that arouses arthritis, among them are diseases of nervous system, breakage of immune system, metabolism infringement, overcooling, traumas, infections and even a lack of vitamins. The most often reason of inflammatory of joints – it is an infection.

Having picked up any harmful bacterium, a virus and a fungus, our organism tries to get rid of uninvited visitors. For this purpose it has a special protective mechanism – immunity. To cope with an infection, the immune system starts to develop special substances, immune complexes, which help to neutralize alien particles. While defects of immune system the quantity of these substances become too large, and they start to behave with brutality: destroy all successively, without assorting. And destructive reactions continue even after all infection has left an organism. When protective substances by mistake start to attack joints, there arouses arthritis.

Disease of arthritis and arthritis symptoms start very innocently. Once in the morning you find out that you do not feel fingers of hands. Not such fluent, as usual, there are small movements. After small “working out” all gradually passes, and during the day it does not cause any difficulties. However eventually the fingers first restoring the function in half an hour after awakening, don’t obey an hour, two, three. This state can progress for a long time. In due course joints of fingers of hands and feet start to ache a bit. And every day their form changes – joints become more, fingers become “knotty”.This is the first sign of arthritis.

Posted in Help With Arthritis

Lyme disease caused by a bacterium Borrelia. This bacterium passes to human body, commonly through the bite of an tick. The infection rate of ticks is different from one region to another, ranging from 5 to 35%, but a tick bite does not necessarily cause the Lyme disease.

This infectious disease can strikes several organs, commonly the nervous system, skin and joints.

Borrelia burgdorferi now seems the only strain in the USA. In Europe in addition to B. burgdorferi, other strains of Borrelia may be responsible for Lyme disease with symptoms somewhat different.

Ticks, belong to the genus Ixodes, are contaminated by interfering with the any animals. Most of these animals do not develop the disease.

You should know that a people infected after a tick bite, do not necessarily develop-ment of disease. In addition, the duration of the tick fixation is long (24 hours).

People usually become infected mainly from spring to autumn, when walking in the forest, where ticks or nymphs are numerous.

This disease already observed for many years in Europe and USA and It was described in 1975 following many cases of arthritis such as infammation joints in people of all ages.

The number of people in a population and incidence are different in different regions of the world. The prevalence is between a person with about 12 000 and 1 in 17 000. However, it reached preferentially young adults (forest workers, hikers, etc.). It is present on all continents but is most common in cold regions of USA.

Common issues about Lyme Borreliosis

There is a cure for this disease based on the use of antibiotics. Plus this antibiotic treatment is administered quickly, the more effcient. Macrolides or tetracyclines may also be used, especially in case of allergies to previous antibiotics. The chronic arthritis who are not relieved by antibiotics, can be treated by synovectomy and prescription drugs such as Soma for relaxation and Tramadol for pain relief. You can buy Soma or Tramadol only if your physician considers that it is necessary.

Posted in Lyme Disease Answers